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Health Careers
adapted from SC AHEC, "Health Care Roots For Your Future" |
A Future in Health Care!
Dentistry
Dentist
Dental Hygienist
Dentist
A dentist is a health care provider who examines, diagnosis and treats persons who have diseases, injuries or malformations of the teeth, gums and mouth. Dentist also helps their patients to prevent diseases of the mouth. Dentist use a variety of equipment including x-ray machines, drills, and instruments such as mouth mirrors, probes, forceps, brushes and scalpels. Dentist in private practice also manage a variety of administrative tasks including bookkeeping, purchase of equipment and supplies and employment and supervision of other dental care staff.
Educational Preparation:
Most dental students have at least a bachelor's degree, four years; dental schools usually require two to three years of college-level pre-dental education. Applicants must take the Dental Admission Test (DAT). Dental school will generally last four academic years.
Educational Programs in South Carolina:
Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston
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Dental Hygienist
A dental hygienist is a licensed oral health professional that assists in the examination and treatment of patients. Hygienist clean teeth provide other preventive dental care, teach patients how to practice good hygiene, take dental x-rays, examine teeth and gums, apply agents such as fluorides and sealant and place filling materials in teeth. In some states, including South Carolina, hygienists administer local anesthetics and anesthetic gas. Dental hygienists also help patients develop and maintain good oral health.
Educational Preparation:
Some National dental hygienist programs offer a bachelor's degree or master's degree, a two-year associate degree is most common.
Educational Programs in South Carolina:
Florence-Darlington Technical College, Florence
Greenville Technical College, Greenville
Horry-Georgetown Tech, Conway
Midlands Technical College, Columbia
Orangeburg-Calhoun Technical College, Orangeburg
Spartanburg Technical College, Spartanburg
Trident Technical College, Charleston
York Technical College, Rock Hill
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Diagnostic Imagining Services
Diagnostic Medical Sonographer
Radiological Technologist
Diagnostic Medical Sonographer
Diagnostic medical sonographers use ultrasound equipment to produce images of the interior structures of the body. Physicians use these images in diagnosing medical abnormalities or in viewing the development of a fetus in a pregnant woman.
Educational Preparation:
Diagnostic medical sonographers training can take one to four years depending on the degree or diploma desired. With no prior training a two-year program leading to an Associate in Applied Science Degree may be obtained. Baccalaureate programs in radiologic technology may have specialization tracks in diagnostic sonography.
Educational Programs in South Carolina:
Greenville Technical College, Greenville
Trident Technical College, Charleston
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Radiological Technologist
Radiological technologist use x-ray machines and other equipment to create images of the internal structures of the body. The procedure they may use include: computer-assisted tomography (CT or CAT) which produces images of slices of the body taken from different angles and processed by computer; and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) - radio waves and powerful magnets which make a computer-generated image of body tissues. These procedures allow physicians to diagnose and treat disease or injuries. Radiological technologists operate sophisticated x-ray computer, film handling and patient monitoring equipment. They work under the direction of a physician.
Educational Preparation:
Radiological technologists receive their education at community colleges, universities or in hospital-based programs. The program is usually two years in length. The program should be approved by the Committee on Allied Health Education and Accreditation.
Educational Programs in South Carolina:
Florence-Darlington Technical College, Florence
Greenville Technical College, Greenville
Horry-Georgetown Technical College, Conway
Midlands Technical College, Columbia
Orangeburg-Calhoun Technical College, Orangeburg
Piedmont Technical College, Greenwood
Spartanburg Technical College, Spartanburg
Trident Technical College, Spartanburg
York Technical College, Rock Hill
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Dietetic Technician
Dietitian
Dietetic Technician
Dietetic technicians assist with assessing, planning, implementing and evaluating nutrition care services and/or food service management for organizations that prepare meals on a large scale. Technicians usually work as members of health care teams and may supervise food preparation workers, diet clerks and dietetic assistants.
Dietetic technicians may plan menus, develop and/or test products, procure and store food, supplies and equipment, and supervise food production and service. They also maintain quality control, sanitation and safety standards, implement food service systems and provide diet counseling and education.
Educational Preparation:
A two year associate degree program that includes classroom and supervised practical experience is usually required. Graduates of American Dietetic Association (ADA) approved programs are eligible to take an ADA examination in order to become registered.
Educational Programs in South Carolina:
There currently are no dietetic technician programs in South Carolina.
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Dietitian
Dietitians promote nutritional health. Dietitians plan nutrition programs to help both sick and healthy people to improve their nutrition and supervise the preparation and serving of meals. They help prevent and treat illnesses by promoting healthy eating habits and by evaluating and suggesting modifications in a patient's diet. The responsibilities of dietitians vary according to their specialty.
Educational Preparation:
A minimum of four years are required in order to become a dietitian. An individual can enroll in a Coordinated Program (CP), a bachelor's or master's degree program that combines classroom and supervised practical experience and is accredited by the Commission on Accreditation for Dietetic Education of The American Dietetic Association (ADA).
Educational programs in South Carolina:
Clemson University, Clemson
Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston (internship only)
South Carolina State University, Orangeburg
Winthrop University, Rock Hill
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Health Information Administrator
Health Information Technician
Health Information Administrator
Health information administrators, formerly referred to as medical records administrators, design, organize and manage medical records which contain information used to evaluate patient care, to diagnose, to treat illness and to plan health care services.
Educational Preparation:
Health Information administrators must have a four year bachelor's degree in health information management from a college of university accredited by the American Medical Association in conjunction with the American Health Information Management Association.
Educational programs in South Carolina:
Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston
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Health Information Technician
Health information technicians organize and evaluate medical records for completeness and accuracy. They assign a code to each diagnosis and procedure. Technicians who specialize in coding are called medical record coders, coder/abstractors or coding specialist. Technicians use computer programs to tabulate and analyze data to help improve patient care, to control cost, to provide information for legal actions or to respond to surveys.
Educational Preparation:
Most health information technicians complete a two year program earning an associate degree from a technical college.
Educational programs in South Carolina:
Florence-Darlington Technical College, Florence
Greenville Technical College, Greenville
Midlands Technical College, Columbia
Orangeburg-Calhoun Technical College, Orangeburg
Spartanburg Technical College, Spartanburg
Tri-County Technical College, Pendleton
Trident Technical College, Charleston
York Technical College, Rock Hill
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Health Care Administrator
Health Care Administrator
Health care administrators also know as health care executives have the responsibility of improving the health of their communities. The health care administrator's role is diverse. Duties of an administrator include the interaction of health care delivery into their community, advancement of technology for their patients, to be a catalyst for collaboration between their organization between their organization, physicians, businesses, insurers and others that desire to improve health. Other duties include disease prevention and wellness promotion in their community. The health care administrator is responsible for controlling costs by using good planning and budget development. Meanwhile, the administrator assures quality care is provided by his/her institution by personnel development and policy and procedure implementation. The health care administrator achieves these goals through local, state and federal agencies and governing boards.
Educational Preparation:
Students interested in becoming a health care administrator must earn a minimum of a bachelor's degree, four years, preferably in business, health policy and administration or a related field. Most employers require a graduate degree (an additional two years) in health care, hospital or business administration
Educational Programs in South Carolina:
Clemson University, Clemson
Lander University, Greenwood
Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston
University of South Carolina, Columbia
Winthrop University, Rock Hill
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Cytotechnologist
Medical Laboratory Technician
Cytotechnologist
Cytotechnologists are specially trained laboratory technologists who study the structure and function of cells in the human body. They prepare slides of cell samples for examination and they must be able to recognize abnormalities in the color, size, shape, make-up and patterns of the cells. Physicians use the findings of cytotechologist to diagnose cancer, hormonal problems and other diseases.
Educational Preparation:
Cytotechnologist should have a bachelor's degree, four years, in science (biology or chemistry) One year of professional instruction in cytology in clinical medicine, anatomy, cytochemistry and related topics. Certification is available through an exam by the Board of Registry of American Society of Clinical Pathologists (ASCP).
Educational Programs in South Carolina:
Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston
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Medical Laboratory Technicians
Medical Laboratory Technicians perform test on tissue, blood and body fluids to help the physician diagnose and treat disease. They often work under the supervision of a medical technologist to use microscopes, computers and other laboratory equipment. Their duties include collecting blood specimens, monitoring the quality control of test and procedures and reporting results to a medical technologist, pathologist or other health care providers.
Educational Preparation:
An associate degree, two year, from an accredited community college including one year of clinical education is required in order to work as a medical laboratory technician. Medical laboratory technicians must pass an exam given by one of two agencies: the Board of Registry of the American Society of Clinical Pathologists or the National Certification Agency for Medical Laboratory Personnel.
Educational Programs in South Carolina:
Florence-Darlington Technical College, Florence
Greenville Technical College, Greenville
Midlands Technical College, Columbia
Orangeburg-Calhoun Technical College, Orangeburg
Spartanburg Technical College, Spartanburg
Tri-County Technical College, Pendleton
Trident Technical College, Charleston
York Technical College, Rock Hill
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Biomedical Engineer
Biomedical Equipment Technician
Biomedical Engineer
Biomedical engineers comprise one of the many branches of engineering. They study human and animal biology to develop test, prove or modify theories of life systems. Biomedical engineers apply knowledge of human anatomy, physiology and engineering to address medical and physiological problems. They design and develop devices such as artificial organs, limbs, pacemakers and ultrasound imaging equipment and they evaluate the effectiveness of drugs and other medication.
Educational Preparation:
A four year bio-medical engineering degree or a bachelor's degree from an engineering (electrical, chemical, mechanical, general engineering) or physical science program with a major in biology, anatomy or behavioral science is required. Most careers also require a master's or doctoral degree. Some biomedical engineers are physicians with specialty training.
Educational Programs in South Carolina:
There is no biomedical engineering degree program offered in South Carolina. Several related engineering areas (electrical, chemical, civil, environmental and mechanical) are available at the following universities:
Clemson University, Clemson
South Carolina State University, Orangeburg
University of South Carolina, Columbia
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Biomedical Equipment Technician
Biomedical equipment technicians test, adjust and repair electromedical equipment using hand tools and meters. They install, operate and maintain equipment used in medical therapy, diagnosis and research such as x-ray machines, incubators, electronic thermometers, dental equipment and sterilizers.
Educational Preparation:
Individuals with a background in electronics are often hired and trained as biomedical equipment technicians. Some employers prefer graduates of a two year biomedical equipment technology program,
Educational Programs in South Carolina:
There is no biomedical equipment technology program offered in South Carolina. Several related associate degree programs (electronic instrumentation or engineering technology) are available in the state at the following technical colleges:
Aiken Technical College, Aiken
Florence-Darlington Technical College, Florence
Greenville Technical College, Greenville
Horry-Georgetown Technical College, Conway
Midlands Technical College, Columbia
Orangeburg-Calhoun Technical College, Orangeburg
Piedmont Technical College, Greenwood
Spartanburg Technical College, Spartanburg
Tri-County Technical College, Pendleton
Trident Technical College, Charleston
York Technical College, Rock Hill
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Emergency Medical Technician
Perfusionist
Surgical Technologist
Emergency Medical Technician
Emergency medical technicians (EMTs) are members of the emergency medical care team that provide basic and advanced life support to critically ill and injured persons. Emergency medical technicians are also involved in patient rescue and transport by ambulance or aircraft. Specific duties of the emergency medical technicians include: (a) driving and operating emergency vehicles; (b) assessing the nature and seriousness of an injury or illness; (c) providing basic life support skills such as CPR, control of bleeding, treatment of shock, burns, splinting and bandaging, rescues and emergency childbirth; and (d) lifting, moving and securing patients as needed for transport; (e) administering drugs, IV, fluids and EKGs. Paid and volunteer EMT opportunities are available.
Educational Preparation:
Emergency Medical Technicians complete a 110-hour to a two year educational program at community college, university or county emergency medical service organization. A valid driver's license and a good driving record are also required.
Educational Programs in South Carolina:
EMT-Basic-Initial
SC technical college system
EMT Paramedic & Intermedicate Initial
Low County Regional EMS, Inc., Charleston
Midlands EMS, Management Association, Columbia
Pee Dee Regional EMS, Inc., Florence
Upstate EMS Council, Inc., Greenville
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Purfusionist
Purfusionist (extracorporeal circulation technologists) are members of the open heart surgery team who are primarily responsible for the operation of the heart-lung machine. This machine temporarily takes over a patient's respiratory (breathing) and cardiac (pumping blood) functions during open heart surgery. The perfusionist is also responsible for operating autotransfusion devised using techniques to recycle blood lost during surgery.
Educational Preparation:
Educational preparation to become a perfusionist usually takes one to two years depending on the program design and the student's qualifications. Many programs prefer students with prior training in medical technology, respiratory care or nursing. Clinical rotations are included in the educational program at an affiliated open heart program.
Educational Programs in South Carolina:
Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston
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Surgical Technologist
Surgical technologist use sterile techniques in the preparation of surgical instruments and materials. Technologist also help to prepare patients for surgery while providing a safe environment and adding to the efficiency of the operating room team.
Educational Preparation:
Diploma, one year, certificates are available in South Carolina for surgical technology. The programs involve classroom instruction and practical experience in medical terminology, ethics, medical aspects of surgical care, sterile techniques, anatomy and anesthesia.
Educational Programs in South Carolina:
Central Carolina Technical College, Sumter
Florence-Darlington Technical College, Florence
Greenville Technical College, Greenville
Midlands Technical College, Columbia
Piedmont Technical College, Greenwood
Spartanburg Technical College, Spartanburg
Tri-County Technical College, Pendleton
York Technical College, Rock Hill
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Chiropractor
Doctor of Medicine (Physician)
Physician Assistant
Chiropractor
Chiropractors, or Doctors of Chiropractic (DC), treat patients through the manipulation of various parts of the body, particularly the spinal area, by easing the irritation to spinal nerves. By re-establishing normal spinal mobility, chiropractors allow the body to operate more efficiently and more comfortable. The chiropractor typically conducts patient consultations, case histories, physical exams (orthopedic, neurological), laboratory analyses and e-ray examinations. In addition, chiropractors provide structural examinations with emphasis on the spine.
Educational Preparation:
Most states licensing boards require a completion of a four year chiropractic college course following at least two years of undergraduate education. For Licensure in South Carolina, applicants must pass two parts of the examination administered by the National Board of Chiropractic Examiners. Applicants must also pass the South Carolina State Board examination.
Educational Programs in South Carolina:
Sherman College of Straight Chiropractic, Spartanburg
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Doctor of Medicine (Physician)
Doctors of Medicine, also known as physicians, are medical practitioners who diagnose and treat human diseases and injuries. Physicians may be general practitioners or they may specialize. They continually acquire knowledge in order to keep abreast of advances in technology, equipment techniques and medications. Depending on their specialty areas, they diagnose and treat illnesses of children and/or adults through therapy, surgery or medication; they teach people how to stay well; they conduct research on diseases and new methods of prevention and treatment; and they teach medical students and residents.
Areas of specialty include:
Primary Care
Emergency Medicine
Family Practice
Internal Medicine
Pediatrics (emphasis on children's health)
Anesthesiologists
Administer anesthesia (numbness or sleep) to patients undergoing surgery.
Cardiologists
Treat heart diseases.
Dermatologist
Treat skin conditions
Gastroenterologist
Diagnose and treat digestive system ailments.
Gynecologists
Diagnose and treat female reproductive system disorders.
Neurologists
Specialize in brain and central nervous system disorders.
Obstetricians
Treat pregnant women and deliver babies
Oncologist
Provide care to patients with malignant or cancerous tumors.
Ophthalmologists
Diagnose and treat eye disorders
Orthopedics
Treat skeletal deformities or ailments
Otolaryngologist
treat ear, nose and throat ailments
Pathologists
Interpret and diagnose changes in tissue caused by disease
Physiatrists
Specialize in physical and rehabilitation medicine.
Public Health
Focuses on health of population and communities
Pulmonologists
Treat lungs and respiratory system problems.
Radiologists
Diagnose and treat disease using x-rays
Surgeons
Perform operations to correct deformities, repair injuries, treat diseases and improve functions of patients.
Urologists
Treat urinary tract ailments.
Educational Preparation:
After graduation from high school, it usually takes about 11 years to become a physician: four years of undergraduate school, four years of medical school, and three years of residency. For some specialties, residency may take longer, up to eight years.
The most common requirements for entering schools/colleges of medicine are:
- Completion of pre-medical college (four years) with an acceptable grade average.
- Application through the American Medical College Application Service (AMCAS)
- Passing the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT) with competitive score.
- A personal interview, additional applications, further testing, as required and letters of recommendation. Schools consider character, personality, leadership qualities and participation in extracurricular activities.
The typical four-year medical school curriculum includes the following:
- The first two years of medical school are spent in laboratories and classrooms taking courses. Medical students also learn to take medical histories, examine patients and recognize symptoms.
- The last two years of medical school are students work with patients under the supervision of experienced physicians in hospitals and clinics to learn acute, chronic, preventive and rehabilitative care. Through rotations in internal medicine, family practice, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics, psychiatry and surgery, medical students gain experience in the diagnosis and treatment of illness.
Following medical school most doctors of medicine will enter residency. All students must apply for the job of resident and pass a standard examination. Residency training is required for persons entering any specialty and can take from three to seven or more years. A final examination immediately after residency or after one or two years of practice is also necessary for board certification by the American Board of Medical Specialties (ABMS). There are 24 specialty boards. For those training in sub-specialties another one to two years of residency is usual.
To teach or do research, physicians may need a master's or doctorate degree in fields such as biochemistry or microbiology. Another one or more years in research or in an advanced clinical training fellowship are required.
Educational Programs in South Carolina:
Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston
University of South Carolina, Columbia
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Physician Assistant
Physician assistants provide health care services with the supervision of a physician. They support physicians but should not be confused with medical assistants. Physician assistants are formally trained to provide routine diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive health care services under the direction and supervision of a physician. They take medical histories, examine patients, counsel patients and their families on medical problems, treatments and the use of prescriptions. They order and interpret laboratory tests and x-rays, make diagnoses, and initiate and monitor response to therapy. In most states, they may also prescribe medications.
Educational Preparation:
Physician assistant programs are typically two year programs following two to three years of undergraduate preparation or a bachelor's degree. Four -year programs are combined with a baccalaureate programs.
Educational Programs in South Carolina:
Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston
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Hospital Chaplain/Pastoral Counselor
Psychologist
Social Worker
Hospital Chaplain/Pastoral Counselor
Hospital chaplains and pastoral counselors attend to the spiritual needs of individuals in specialized settings, such as hospitals. Upon request, they provide spiritual counseling and moral guidance to patients and their loved ones. Chaplains are sometimes asked to perform religious services in accordance with the chaplain's denomination or faith group.
Educational Preparation:
A professional chaplain requires a baccalaureate and a master's degree (M. Div) in theology from an accredited theological seminary. In addition, the chaplain will need to complete at least four units of Clinical Pastoral Education (CPE), each unit consisting of at least 400 hours of supervised ministry within an institution. To practice in a hospital, a chaplain residency is required at an accredited hospital or medical center.
CPR programs are accredited by one of three recognized educational associations:
- Pastoral Education (ACPR)
- Untied States Catholic Conference (USCC)
- Canadian Association of Pastoral Practice and Education (CAPPE)
Educational Programs in South Carolina:
Anderson College, Anderson
Benedict College, Columbia
Bob Jones University, Greenville
Charleston Southern University, Charleston
Claflin College, Orangeburg
Clemson University, Clemson
College of Charleston, Charleston
Columbia College, Columbia
Columbia International University, Columbia
Converse College, Spartanburg
Erskine College, Due West
Morris College, Sumter
Newberry College, Newberry
North Greenville College, Greenville
Presbyterian College, Clinton
Southern Weleyan University, Central
Voorhees College, Denmark
University of South Carolina, Lancaster
University of South Carolina, Columbia
Winthrop University, Rock Hill
Wofford College, Spartanburg
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Psychologist
A psychologist study people and animals in order to understand and explain mental processes and behaviors. They collect and apply knowledge about the mental, emotional, and behavioral characteristics of individuals and groups. Psychologist may teach, conduct research, or serve as consultants or therapist.
Educational Preparation:
To become licensed as a clinical psychologist, a person generally holds at least a doctoral degree in psychology. Most doctoral programs in psychology and clinical psychology involve four to five years of study after receiving a bachelor's degree (four years). Persons with a master's degree (six years) in psychology can work as organizational or industrial psychologist. A bachelor's degree (four years) in psychology qualifies a person to assist psychologist and other professionals in community mental health centers, vocational rehabilitation offices, and correctional programs.
Educational programs in South Carolina:
Master's Degree
Citadel, Charleston
Clemson University, Clemson
Francis Marion University, Florence
University of South Carolina, Aiken
University of South Carolina, Columbia
Winthrop University, Rock Hill
Doctoral Degree
Citadel, Charleston
Clemson University, Clemson
University of South Carolina, Columbia
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Social Worker
Social Workers assist individuals and groups to deal with a wide range of problems such as coping with mental illness, inadequate housing problems, unemployment, child or spousal abuse, and financial mismanagement. Social workers apply their knowledge and kills to form helping relationships that use an individual's capabilities as well as community resources. Through direct counseling, social workers help clients identify their concerns, consider solutions, and find resources. Social workers: (a) interview and counsel individuals and groups about physical, social, and psychological concerns; (b) assess clients' needs and plan, develop, implement, and evaluate programs and activities designed to meet those needs; (c) assist clients in improving personal and social functioning by helping them to secure services, education, and job training; (d) refer clients to other professional or community resources; and (e) coordinate or work with civic, religious, business, and other organizations to combat social problems.
Educational Preparation:
A four year degree to include higher level math courses, three science courses, four English courses, two social studies and two years of foreign language.
Social Workers in the state of South Carolina are licensed by the South Carolina Department of Labor, Licensing, and Regulation Board of Social Work Examiners. Voluntary certification is offered by the National Association of Social Workers (NASW) or the Academy of Certified Baccalaureate Social Worker (ACBSW) to those who qualify. For clinical social workers who are granted the title Qualified Clinical Social Worker (QCSW), professional credentials include listing in the NASW Register of Clinical Social Workers. Advanced credentialing is also offered by the Directory of American Board of Examiners in Clinical Social Work.
Educational Programs in South Carolina:
Benedict College, Columbia
Columbia College, Columbia
Limestone College, Gaffney
South Carolina State University, Orangeburg
University of South Carolina, Columbia
Voorhees College, Denmark
Winthrop College, Rock Hill
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Licensed Practical Nurse
Nurse Practitioner
Registered Nurse
Licensed Practical Nurse
Licensed practical nurses, under the direction of a registered nurse or physician, provide direct care to patients of all ages. Licensed practical nurses assist patients in meeting their physical and psychosocial needs during times of illness. They administer immunizations, medications and perform some laboratory tests. They assist the registered nurse with more complex care.
Educational Preparation:
Most practical nursing programs are one year in length and include classroom and supervised clinical practice (patient care).
Educational Programs in South Carolina:
Aiken Technical College, Aiken
Applied Technology Education Campus, Camden
Central Carolina Technical College, Sumter
Cherokee County School of Practical Nursing, Gaffney
Florence Darlington Technical College, Florence
Fred P. Hamilton Career Center, Seneca
Greenville Technical College, Greenville
Hartsville Area Vocational Center, Hartsville
Horry Georgetown Technical College, Conway
Lancaster School of Practical Nursing, Lancaster
Midlands Technical College, Columbia
Newberry County Career Center, Newberry
Northeastern Technical College, Cheraw
Piedmont Technical College, Greenwood
Roper Hospital, Charleston
Spartanburg Technical College, Spartanburg
Technical College of the Lowcountry, Beaufort
Tri-County Technical College, Pendleton
Trident Technical College, Charleston
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Nurse Practitioner
Nurse Practitioners are registered nurses who have advanced education and clinical training in a health care specialty area. Nurse practitioners focus upon both medical and nursing problems. Their scope of practice includes health promotion and maintenance, disease prevention, and the diagnosis and management of minor episodic and stable chronic conditions. Research over the past 20 years has documented that nurse practitioners provide a unique approach to high quality, cost-effective care that results in a high level of patient satisfaction. A nurse practitioner often serves as the regular health care provider for children and adults during health and illness.
Educational Preparation:
In addition to completing the requirements of a registered nurse, nurse practitioners must also complete an accredited nurse practitioner program, earning a master's degree. A registered nurse generally spends one to two years in advanced training to become a nurse practitioner.
Educational Programs in South Carolina:
Clemson University, Clemson
Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston
University of South Carolina, Columbia
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Registered Nursing
Registered nurses care for the sick and injured and help people stay well. They are typically concerned with the whole person, providing care, treatment, counseling and health education to ill or injured people. They also provide education to individuals and families to promote health and to prevent injury and illness. They monitor their patients' conditions, give them medications and treatments prescribed by a physician and communicate with the doctor and other members of the health care team. Nurses direct and supervise nursing support personnel. Nurses may work in a certain specialty area such as intensive care, surgery or obstetrics or with special populations such as children, the elderly or persons with disabilities.
Educational Preparation:
There are three (3) major educational paths to nursing:
- Associate degree - ADN: a two year program offered by community college.
- Bachelor of Science in Nursing - BSN: a four or five year program offered by colleges and universities.
- Diploma - a hospital based program that last two to three years.
Educational Programs in South Carolina:
Bob Jones University, Greenville
Central Carolina Technical College, Sumter
Charleston Southern University, Charleston
Clemson University, Clemson
Florence Darlington Technical College, Florence
Fred P. Hamilton Career Center, Seneca
Greenville Technical College, Greenville
Horry Georgetown Technical College, Conway
Lander University, Greenwood
Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston
Midlands Technical College, Columbia
Orangeburg Calhoun Technical College, Orangeburg
Piedmont Technical College, Greenwood
South Carolina State University, Orangeburg
Technical College of the Lowcountry, Beaufort
University of South Carolina, Aiken
University of South Carolina, Columbia
University of South Carolina, Lancaster
University of South Carolina, Spartanburg
York Technical College, Rock Hill
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Pharmacist
Pharmacy Technician
Pharmacist
Pharmacists are health care professionals trained as experts in the medicines used to treat or prevent disease. Practicing in a variety of settings, they work with physicians and other health care providers to assure that their patients receive the correct medication, at the appropriate dosage, and in the safest combinations. In the community pharmacies, pharmacists are the most accessible health professional, providing therapeutic recommendations and education to patients for treatment with prescription and over-the-counter medications. In the hospital and nursing home settings, pharmacists also ensure that the patients receive the correct medications at the correct time. Pharmacists in all patient care settings also monitor patients taking medications to avoid interactions, to minimize adverse drug reactions and to assure appropriate therapeutic outcomes.
Educational Preparation:
To become licensed to practice pharmacy, one must graduate form a school or college of pharmacy that is accredited by the American Council on Pharmaceutical Education. The Doctor of Pharmacy degree program is a minimum of six years. This involves a pre-pharmacy curriculum of two years an applying to the professional curriculum which encompasses four years. In addition to being eligible for licensure to practice, Doctor of Pharmacy graduates may also be eligible for advanced educations programs, such as Master of Science, Doctor of Philosophy or post-doctoral clinical residency training.
Educational Programs in South Carolina:
Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston
University of South Carolina, Columbia
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Pharmacy Technician
Pharmacy technicians, under the direct supervision of licensed pharmacists, fill prescriptions and maintain the pharmacy's stock levels. Their duties may include helping to package and label medical preparations and sterile intravenous solutions, delivering prepared medications, ordering equipment and stock and keeping the pharmacy equipment sterile and orderly.
Educational Preparation:
Pharmacy technicians are trained in applied science degree programs at community colleges. Training takes one to two years, depending on the program.
Educational Programs in South Carolina:
Greenville Technical College, Greenville
Midlands Technical College, Columbia
Trident Technical College, Charleston
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Epidemiology
Public Health Educator
Public Health Nurse
Epidemiologist
It would be important to know if a deadly disease outbreak occurs in your school or community. It would also be important to know who could get it, how the disease is contracted, as well as how to protect yourself.
An epidemiologist is the public health professional who functions as the disease detective who investigates the causes of diseases and health conditions, what populations and groups are affected by them, and where they are located.
Educational Preparation:
Epidemiology is a graduate public health field with minimum preparation being a M.P.H. in Epidemiology from an accredited School of Public Health.
Educational Programs in South Carolina:
University of South Carolina School of Public Health, Columbia
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Public Health Educator
Public Health Educators are professionals who design, conduct and evaluate activities that help improve the health of all people. These activities can take place in a variety of settings. Health educators are employed under a range of job titles such as patient educator, health education teachers, trainers, community organizers and health program mangers. Public Health Educators must a baccalaureate or master's degree in health education.
Educational Preparation:
Public Health Educators must earn a baccalaureate or master's degree (four to six years) in health education.
Education Programs in South Carolina:
Clemson University, Clemson
Coastal Carolina University, Conway
Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston
Morris College, Sumter
South Carolina State University, Orangeburg
University of South Carolina, Columbia
Public Health Nurse
Public health nurses are registered nurses with special training and experience in providing public health services in health departments, homes, schools, the workplace and other community settings. Public health nurses promote and protect the health of populations using knowledge from nursing, social sciences and public health sciences. Public health nurses must be able to work independently to provide health screening, home care, patient education and consultation to groups and individuals.
Educational Preparation:
Public health nurses must first be registered nurses and then receive additional education as well as supervised on-the-job experience, either during or beyond nursing school, in community settings. Four-year nursing programs include training in community health nursing.
Educational Programs in South Carolina:
Bob Jones University, Greenville
Charleston Southern University, Charleston
Clemson University, Clemson
Lander University, Greenwood
Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston
South Carolina State University, Orangeburg
University of South Carolina, Columbia
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Exercise Science/Athletic Trainer
Physical Therapist
Occupational Therapist
Speech - Language Pathologist
Exercise Science/Athletic Trainer
Athletic trainers work with athletic programs. They help manage, prevent, treat and rehabilitate athletic injuries as directed by the team's physicians. Athletic trainers' help athletes perform to the best of their ability while minimizing injury, through their knowledge of nutrition, hygiene, physiology, biomechanics, anatomy, conditioning and protective equipment.
Educational Preparation:
A baccalaureate degree (four years) is the minimum requirement.
Educational Programs in South Carolina:
University of South Carolina, Columbia
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Physical Therapist
The practice of physical therapy means the evaluation and treatment of human beings to detect, prevent, correct, alleviate and limit physical disability, bodily malfunctions and pain from injury and disease. Physical therapist help patients regain function by reducing pain and improving their ability to move more effectively and efficiently. Physical therapist work with patients of all ages who have conditions ranging from sports injuries to heart attacks.
Educational Preparation:
In order to become a physical therapist, a person must have completed three to four years of prerequisites prior to applying to a physical therapy program. One can then earn either a master's (additional two years) or doctoral degree (additional three to five years) in physical therapy.
Education Programs in South Carolina:
Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston
University of South Carolina, Columbia
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Occupational Therapist
Occupational Therapists are trained to empower clients to resume old or assume new life roles (occupations). The occupational therapist skillfully assess a client's abilities and limitations, then designs an individualized treatment plan to increase skills and thus improve quality of life. Occupational therapy clients have experienced a loss of ability to perform role related activities because of physical disease, injury or the aging process, a change in socioeconomic status, sensory loss or psychological illness.
Educational Preparation:
Effective 2007, a master's degree (six years) in occupational therapy will be required to practice as a Certified Occupational Therapist. A bachelor's degree (four to five years) is required to practice in this profession as a Registered Occupational Therapist (OTR). This program includes six to nine months of clinical training.
Educational Programs in South Carolina:
Claflin College, Orangeburg
Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston
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Speech - Language Pathologist
Speech - Language pathology is a profession dedicated to serving children and adults who are unable to communicate effectively because of behavioral dysfunction, disease or trauma. Speech - Language pathologists assess, diagnose and treat disorders of speech articulation fluency (stuttering), voice, language and swallowing. They also remediate cognitive disorders that affect the ability to communicate and select and develop augmentative and alternative communication systems for persons who cannot communicate verbally. Speech - Language pathologist may also provide aural rehabilitation for those who are hearing impaired.
Educational Preparation:
A bachelor's degree (four years) is the first step required to becoming a Speech - Language Pathologist. Undergraduate programs in speech and hearing are available as preparation of a professional degree. Professional (master's degree) may be obtained in an additional two years. Graduates of accredited programs are eligible for national certification and state licensure after passing an exam given by the American Speech, Language and Hearing Association (ASHA).
Educational Programs in South Carolina:
Columbia College, Columbia
Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston
South Carolina State University, Orangeburg
University of South Carolina, Columbia
Winthrop College, Rock Hill
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Ophthalmologist
Optician
Ophthalmologist
Ophthalmologists are physicians who specialize in diagnosing and treating diseases and injuries of the eye. Ophthalmologists perform examinations of the internal and external structures of the eye, order laboratory test, prescribe medications and treatments, evaluate vision and prescribe corrective lenses such as eyeglasses and contact lenses. Ophthalmologists also perform surgery of the eye.
Educational Preparation:
Ophthalmologist must earn a bachelor's degree (four years) and a four-year medical degree. In addition, a one-year internship is required in medicine or surgery followed by a three or four year residency.
Educational Programs in South Carolina:
Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston
University of South Carolina, Columbia
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Optician
Optician order, prepare and fit eyeglasses and contact lenses for patients based on a prescription from an ophthalmologist or optometrist. Opticians grind lenses and shape them to fit an eyeglass frame and they adjust the finished product to fit the customer. Opticians also repair eyewear and replace lost or damaged lenses or parts.
Educational Preparation:
Opticians serve a two year apprenticeship in order to obtain training or they may undergo on-the-job training. A person must pass a notional certification examination as well as the South Carolina state board examination. High school graduates who complete three - and a half - year apprenticeship under a licensed optician and pass the state examination are eligible to become opticians.
Educational Programs in South Carolina:
No educational programs are offered in opticianry in South Carolina.
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Optometrist
Providing primary vision care, optometrists diagnose and sometimes treat vision problems by giving comprehensive examinations of the internal and external structures of the eyes. Also called Doctors of Optometry, (O.D.), they examine the internal and external structure of the eye, evaluate vision and determine if glasses or contact lenses are necessary. Optometrists are licensed in some states to medically treat many eye conditions that do not require surgery.
Educational Preparation:
Doctors of Optometry must complete a four-year accredited program at a college of optometry after earning a four-year undergraduate degree. Applicants must pass the Optometry Admission Test, given by the Optometric Association Testing Service, before applying to a school of optometry.
Educational Programs in South Carolina:
No educational programs are offered in optometry in South Carolina.
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For more information, contact:
Rosetta Swinton, RN
Episcopal Director of Health
Ph: (843) 876-1949
Fax: (843) 792-7476
swintonr@musc.edu |
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